Artificial intelligence is creating new challenges for Nigeria’s electoral system as the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) flags 268 voter records over suspected AI-generated photographs and other irregularities ahead of the 2027 general elections.
The discovery has brought renewed attention to the growing use and potential misuse of artificial intelligence in digital identity systems. As AI-powered tools become more accessible, digitally manipulated and artificially generated images are becoming increasingly difficult to distinguish from genuine photographs, creating new challenges for institutions that depend on accurate personal information.
INEC’s discovery followed the publication of its preliminary Register of Voters, which allowed members of the public to examine their registration details and report possible errors. The exercise reportedly exposed questionable entries, prompting further scrutiny of photographs and other information contained in the database.
According to the commission, its biometric verification system identified records requiring further investigation. The affected entries are being reviewed as part of efforts to improve the accuracy and reliability of the voter register before the next general elections.
The development also highlights a wider concern about how emerging technologies could affect public institutions, particularly those responsible for managing sensitive personal information. While artificial intelligence offers opportunities to improve digital services and verification processes, its misuse could create difficulties for organisations trying to establish the authenticity of information submitted by individuals.
With Nigeria preparing for another general election cycle, INEC’s ongoing review raises important questions about the role of technology in protecting voter information, preventing identity manipulation and maintaining confidence in digital registration systems.